Visas for Russia
Basic requirements and procedures for issuing visas for Russia
A visa for Russia is an official document that entitles entry into the territory of the Russian Federation. It is required for:
- Tourism (visiting Moscow, St. Petersburg, Baikal, etc.)
- Business trips
- Education or work
- private visits
Exemption from the visa requirement applies only to citizens of a number of countries (e.g., CIS, Israel, South Korea). The current list of visa-free countries can be found below.
The information is based on official statements from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation and the Consular Section and is current as of the publication date of the article.
We regularly observe changes in Russian visa policy, but for the most accurate and up-to-date information, we recommend contacting our managers.
Apply for a visa to Russia online
Which visa is required to enter Russia?
The most important types of visas for Russia
Electronic Visa (e-Visa)
What for? Tourism, business trips, participation in cultural, scientific, or sporting events.
How long is it valid? 120 days.
How long can you stay? Up to 30 days.
What variants are there? Single entry.
Tourist Visa
What for? Travel for tourist purposes, business trips, car tourism, and hunting tourism
How long is it valid? Up to 180 days
How long can one stay? Up to 90 days
What variations are there? Single or double entry
Humanitarian Visa
What for? Scientific, cultural, sporting, charitable, or religious purposes (e.g., pilgrimage)
How long is it valid? Up to 90 days or 1 year
How long may one stay? Up to 90 days
What variants are there? Single, double, or multiple entries
Requirement: Invitation from Russia
Private Visa
For what? Visit of relatives or friends, medical treatment
How long is it valid? Up to 90 days
What variants are there? Single or double entry
Requirement: Invitation from a private person or organization (via the FMS)
Student Visa
What for? Studies at Russian universities or language courses
How long is it valid? Primarily up to 3 months, extendable each up to 1 year (without the need to leave the country)
Requirement: Invitation from an educational institution
Diplomatic and Official Visa
For whom? Diplomats, consular officials (by decision of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) as well as members of official delegations and their families
How long is it valid? Up to 3 months (extension possible according to international agreements)
What variants are there? Single or double entry
Transit Visa
For whom? Diplomats, consular officers (by decision of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) as well as members of official delegations and their families
How long is it valid? Up to 3 months (extension possible according to international agreements)
What variants are there? Single or double entry
Temporary Residence Visa (TZV)
What for? Transit through the territory of the Russian Federation
How long is it valid? For land travel: for the duration of the shortest route. For air travel: up to 3 days (not required for non-stop flights)
Who needs to apply for a visa for Russia?
An electronic visa can only be obtained by citizens of the following states, whose list is created by the Government of the Russian Federation:
Which documents are required for a visa to Russia?
The following documents are required to obtain a visa for the Russian Federation (the list may vary depending on the type of visa and the nationality of the applicant):
Mandatory Documents
1. A passport that meets the requirements:
- Valid for at least 6 months beyond the expiry date of the visa (1.5 years for work/study visas).
- At least 2 blank pages for the visa stamp.
- No damages, forged stamps, or corrections.
2. Completed visa application form
3. Photo 3.5×4.5 cm:
- Bright background, clear image of the face, no glasses (unless it is a medical glass).
4. Invitation to Russia (depending on the purpose of the trip):
- Tourist visa - hotel reservation or invitation from a tour operator.
- Business visa - a letter from a Russian company.
- Private visa - invitation from a Russian citizen (issued by the Ministry of the Interior).
- Study/work visa - documents from a university or an employer.
5. Payment receipt for the consular fee (depending on the type and urgency).
6. Health insurance for the stay in the Russian Federation (not required for all visas).
Additional documents (depending on the type of visa)
- For work/study visas (duration > 90 days):
- HIV certificate (valid for 3 months from the date of issue).
- Employment contract or certificate from an educational institution.
- For a business visa:
- A letter from the inviting company stating the purpose of the trip.
- Extract from the unified state register of legal entities (if required).
- For a transit visa:
- Tickets to a third country or a visa of the destination country.
Do you need a visa for Russia? Order online at Buch-dein-Visum.de!
Who does not need a visa for Russia
According to the intergovernmental agreements published by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, citizens of these countries can enter Russia without a visa for a certain period (from 14 to 90 days). The conditions depend on the respective country and the purpose of the visit (tourism, business trip, private visit).
From June 30, 2025, travelers who are eligible for visa-free entry into Russia must apply for entry at least 72 hours before their planned arrival. Read more on the page RuID
1. Completely visa-free travel (up to 90 days)
Citizens of these countries can stay in the Russian Federation for up to 90 days (within 180 days each) without a visa:
- Abkhazia
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Belarus (unlimited stay)
- Kazakhstan
- Kyrgyzstan
- Moldova
- South Ossetia
- Tajikistan
- Uzbekistan
Note: A visa is still required for work or study.
2. No visa required for 30-60 days
Citizens of these countries can visit Russia without a visa for 30-60 days:
- Israel (up to 90 days)
- South Korea (up to 60 days)
- Serbia (up to 30 days)
- Thailand (up to 30 days)
- Montenegro (up to 30 days, resumption of visa-free status in summer 2024)
- Macedonia (up to 30 days)
- Cuba (up to 90 days)
- Venezuela (up to 90 days)
3. Visa-free access for holders of diplomatic passports
- China (up to 30 days, only diplomatic and service passports)
- India (up to 90 days, only diplomatic passports)
4. Visa-free access for cruise tourists
Citizens of all countries can stay for up to 72 hours without a visa if they arrive on a cruise ship and stay in a port city (St. Petersburg, Sochi, Vladivostok).
Visa Services for Russia
Depending on the purpose of your trip, you decide which visa for Russia is right for you as an applicant and which documents you need to carry in addition to your passport. For example, different requirements apply to students than to businessmen or people visiting relatives or friends in the Russian Federation. You can get the necessary information about the differences at the embassy. Or you can contact us directly. We will answer all your questions about the application process or make the entire visa process simple and convenient for you. We are happy to help you choose the right visa and obtain the necessary documents. As part of our visa service, we handle the administrative formalities at the consulate or embassy and support you at all stages of the visa application. We also offer you the opportunity to obtain the invitation letter required for entry into Russia on your behalf. The necessary health insurance and confirmation of readiness to return can also be ordered as an additional service in the Visa Comfort Service package.
This offers our customers the following benefits:
- Free consultation for applicants
- Information about the current visa regulations in Russia
- Online booking in a few minutes
- All required documents in one place (e.g., passport, insurance)
- No long trips and no waiting times at Russian consulates
- Transparent pricing: no additional consulate fees
When you access the individual visa categories online, you get information about the validity of the visa, the permissible duration of stay (days or months), and the requirements for entry into the Russian Federation.
How to get a visa for Russia
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Frequently Asked Questions About Visas for Russia - Detailed Answers
A visa for Russia is an important part of planning a trip to this fascinating country. To ensure that the application process and your stay in the country go smoothly, you should familiarize yourself with the frequently asked questions (FAQ) about visas for Russia. In this section, you will find answers to questions on various topics such as visa types, application procedures, required documents, processing time, and costs. We also explain what you need to do upon entry and what special features you should pay attention to when registering online.
We also inform you about possible visa extensions and what to do if your visa is lost or expires. This guide will help you start your Russian adventure well-informed and prepared and avoid unpleasant surprises.
Do I need a visa for tourism in Russia?
Yes, citizens of most countries require a visa. Visa exemption applies only to a limited number of countries (e.g., Israel, South Korea, CIS countries, Serbia). Citizens of the USA, EU, Canada, Australia, and many other countries must apply for a visa in advance. The duration of visa-free stays in the approved countries is usually no more than 30-90 days.
How do I apply for a tourist visa for Russia?
To obtain a tourist visa, you need:
- Fill out the application form.
- Prepare a passport (validity period - at least 6 months after the end of the trip).
- Provide an invitation from a Russian travel agency or a hotel reservation (official confirmation from a recognized hotel).
- Provide health insurance with a coverage amount of at least 30,000 €.
- Pay the consular fee.
What is an electronic visa (e-visa) for Russia?
An electronic visa (e-visa) is a simplified version of a visa that is applied for online, without visiting an embassy.
- Expiration date: 60 days from the date of issue.
- Maximum stay duration: 16 days.
- Available for citizens from over 55 countries (including China, India, Japan, EU countries).
- Does not require an invitation (sufficient to specify the residence in the Russian Federation).
How much does a visa for Russia cost?
The costs depend on the type of visa and the urgency. We recommend checking the current costs for a visa to Russia on our website - Visa calculator.
What documents are required for a business visa for Russia?
Basic package:
- Invitation from a Russian company (issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation).
- Completed visa application form.
- Photo 3.5×4.5 cm. - Copy of the passport (pages with personal data).
Is a visa for Russia issued without an invitation?
- Regular visa: No, invitation required (tourist, business, private).
- e-Visa: You do not need an invitation, but you must specify your residential address in the Russian Federation.
- The exception is a transit visa (if you have tickets for a third country).
How to obtain a work visa for Russia?
The process includes:
- Employment contract with a Russian company.
- Work permit (arranged by the employer).
- HIV test (for visas longer than 90 days).
- Medical examination (for some countries).
Expiration date:
- Up to 3 months (primary).
- Up to 3 years (for highly qualified specialists).
Can I extend my visa in Russia?
An extension is only possible in exceptional cases:
- Medical conditions (hospital certificate required).
- Force majeure (natural disasters, closed borders).
In other cases, you must leave the place and reapply.
Is insurance required for a visa to Russia?
- Mandatory: For tourist, private, and visitor visas.
- Recommended: For business and study visas (requirements depend on the respective embassy).
The policy must have a coverage amount of at least 30,000 € and include COVID-19 (if restrictions apply).
Can I enter Crimea with an e-visa?
No, the e-visa is not valid for Crimea, Sevastopol, and the border regions (e.g., for trips to Sochi from Abkhazia). A regular visa is required for these purposes.
How to issue an invitation for a private visa to Russia?
The receiving party (Russian citizen or resident) submits an application to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The review period is up to 30 days.
What photos are required for a visa for Russia?
- Size: 3.5×4.5 cm.
- Background: light (white or light blue).
- Face: 70-80% of the frame, neutral expression, open eyes.
- Glasses: prohibited (except for medical reasons).
Is a visa for the Russian Federation issued with an expired passport?
No. The passport must still be valid for at least 6 months beyond the expiration date of the visa. For work/study visas - 1.5 years.
Can I get a visa for Russia at the airport?
No, visas are not issued at Russian airports. Exception: Transit passengers who do not leave the airport (up to 24 hours).
How often can one enter Russia with a tourist visa?
- Single entry: 1 entry.
- Double entry: 2 entries (e.g., for the cruise SPb - Helsinki - SPb).
- Multiple entries: Unlimited during the validity period.
Is an HIV test required for a student visa for Russia?
Yes, if the study lasts longer than 90 days. The test must be conducted at least 3 months before applying.
How do I apply for a visa for a child in Russia?
- Questionnaire (signed by the parents).
- Birth certificate (notarized translation if not in Russian/English).
- Parental consent form (if the child is traveling alone or with one parent).
Can I work in Russia with a tourist visa?
No, that is a violation of immigration laws. Work is only allowed with a work or business visa (for short-term consultations).
What should you do if you are denied a visa for Russia?
- Request an official justification from the embassy.
- Correct errors (e.g., reissue of the invitation).
- Appeal
Is a visa for Russia issued to individuals with criminal records?
It depends on the article. Entry bans are often imposed for drugs, serious crimes, and immigration offenses.
Can I enter Russia with a visa in my foreign passport, but with a domestic passport?
No, entry is only possible with a document on which a visa is affixed.
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