Journey to Somalia: A Bright Trip to the Horn of Africa

Somalia is a land with an incredible history and a harsh but beautiful character. If you are looking for a destination not spoiled by mass tourism, a place where every step is a touch of antiquity, and the hospitality of the locals is sincere and warm despite all the difficulties, then you should take a closer look at this country. Somalia is located on the peninsula of the same name, often called the Horn of Africa. Its strategic position at the crossroads of trade routes has defined its rich and sometimes tragic fate.

The territory of Somalia is washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean to the east and the Gulf of Aden to the north. It is the Somali ocean that has given the country its main wealth — an extensive coastline with pristine white beaches that are just beginning to open up to the world. If you look at where Somalia is on the map, you will see that it is the easternmost protrusion of the African continent, shaped like a horn. This is a key region linking the Middle East, Africa, and Asia.

Many ask: «What kind of country is Somalia?». It is an independent republic with a rich cultural heritage. However, its image in the world has been distorted over the last decades due to internal conflicts. The civil war in Somalia, unfortunately, is part of its modern history, and it is important for travelers to understand the current situation. Nevertheless, individual regions such as Somaliland and Puntland have achieved stability and are open to tourists.

To understand the spirit of Somalia, one must look into its past. This land was known to the ancient Egyptians and Phoenicians. During the Middle Ages, powerful sultanates such as Adal thrived here, conducting lively trade in gold, ivory, and aromatic resins. It was from the port cities like Zeila and Berbera that caravan routes started deep into the continent.

One of the most vivid historical periods was the struggle with Ethiopia and the influence of neighboring states. The idea of «Greater Somalia», uniting all the lands inhabited by the Somali people, remains an important part of national identity to this day. This historical context helps to understand the modern political processes in the region.

The official languages are Somali and Arabic, reflecting the country's cultural and trade ties. Somalis are a people with a rich oral tradition, poetry, and music. Somali women play an active role in society, often leading families and small businesses, especially in diaspora conditions. The national currency is the Somali shilling, but US dollars and euros are also in circulation.

The climate of the country is mostly tropical deserts and semi-deserts. When they say 'Somali desert,' it is close to the truth, but the picture is incomplete. A significant part of the territory is occupied by arid savannas and thorny shrubs. In the summer, there is a dry and hot hagai season, and from October to March, there is a cooler and wetter dayr season.

Contrary to popular belief, forests in Somalia do exist, although they occupy less than 2% of the territory. These are mainly sparse deciduous forests in the mountainous areas in the north of the country and acacia savannas in the south. Here you can encounter unique fauna: from Somali wild donkeys to various species of antelopes. Unfortunately, tree cutting for firewood and the expansion of pastures threaten these ecosystems.

The extensive coastline is the main natural asset. Somali Ocean is the Indian Ocean, offering stunning opportunities for diving and snorkeling, especially in the unrecognized Puntland, where you can see pristine coral reefs. The northern coast, washed by the Gulf of Aden, is more rocky and harsh.

This journey is for curious pioneers, for those who want to see Africa as it appears to the locals — authentic, vibrant, and full of hospitality. If you are tired of the beaten tourist paths and are looking for a place where every day is a new adventure and a true immersion into culture, then Somalia will pleasantly surprise you. This is a chance to be one of those who truly open amazing corners of our planet to the world.

The main attractions lie in the realm of history and nature, and they are worth it. This is a real adventure that will give you unique stories and emotions.  Let's discover this amazing country together: .

1. Mogadishu Capital: Here you can see the old city with Arab architecture, the Bakara market, and colonial-era monuments. 
2. Rock paintings in Laas Geel: This is one of the main gems not only of Somalia but of all Africa. A complex of caves with polychrome drawings about 5000 years old, depicting animals and ritual scenes, is located in Somaliland.
3. Beach holidays: The coast in the Berbera area (Somaliland) is famous for its wide sandy beaches and clean water. This destination is still developing but already attracts lovers of seclusion.

Organizing a trip to Somalia requires special attention to details. These tips will help you prepare for your journey and feel more confident on the spot.

1. Carefully choose the region and tour operator. 

Somalia is not monolithic. Regions such as Somaliland and Puntland have their own visa regulations and stability levels. Study which area suits your goals: the historical sites of Laas Gaal are in Somaliland, while Puntland is better for diving.  Do not try to organize the trip yourself through the internet. Local nuances and the need for official invitations make this virtually impossible without intermediaries.

2. Take care of visas and documents in advance

The standard tourist visa in Somalia is processed well in advance. The process can take several weeks as it requires an official invitation from the host side.  A separate visa is required for visiting Somaliland, which is also obtained in advance. It can be processed at representations in Addis Ababa or Dubai, but it is easier and more reliable through specialized agencies. To avoid bureaucratic complications, we recommend seeking professional help. Our agency www.buch-dein-visum.de has experience with this direction and will help process all necessary documents correctly and without unnecessary stress.

3. Respect local cultural norms in clothing

Somalia is a Muslim country with conservative views. Both men and women are advised to wear modest clothing that covers shoulders and knees. Somali women often wear hijabs, and it is appropriate for foreign women to have a scarf with them, especially when visiting religious sites or markets. This gesture of respect will immediately endear you to the locals. Prefer light, breathable fabrics of light tones, as the climate is very hot. Comfortable closed footwear is necessary for walking on dusty streets and rocky terrain.

4. Have a sufficient cash reserve

ATMs and cashless payments are almost non-existent in the country. Main transactions are conducted in Somali shillings, as well as US dollars and euros. It is recommended to carry new, crisp USD or EUR bills, as they are more readily accepted and the exchange rate is more favorable. Small bills are extremely useful for transactions at markets and with taxi drivers.  All financial matters are best resolved through your guide or a representative of the host side — they will help with the exchange at a fair rate.

5. Be prepared for the climate features

The climate in most parts of Somalia is hot and dry. Be sure to drink plenty of bottled water to avoid dehydration. Carry water with you at all times. Take along sunscreen with a high protection factor, headgear, and sunglasses. The sun here is very active even on cloudy days.  Plan activities for the morning and evening hours, avoiding the peak heat in the middle of the day.

6. Show respect in communication and ask for permission for photography

Somalis value politeness and a calm tone. The greeting «Assalamu Alaikum» (Peace be upon you) will be met with great warmth. The spirit of Somalia is the pride and dignity of its people. Always ask for verbal permission before photographing local residents, their homes, or property. Filming government institutions, military objects, and security force personnel is strictly prohibited.

7. Learn the basics of the Somali language

Although Arabic may be used in the business environment, and guides often speak English, knowing a few phrases in Somali will make a great impression.  Remember basic words: «galabo» (hello), «mahad sanid» (thank you), «fadlan» (please). This simple gesture will show your respect for the local culture.

8. Enjoy the local cuisine, but with reasonable caution

Be sure to try traditional dishes, such as «anjera» (teff pancake) with meat stew, or «baaris» (rice) with camel meat. The quality of food in places recommended by the guide is usually good. To avoid stomach problems, stick to a simple rule: drink only bottled water, avoid drinks with ice of unknown origin, and wash your hands with soap before eating.

9. Be flexible and patient

Schedules and plans in Somalia may change unpredictably due to logistical or administrative delays. Treat this as part of the experience, not as a failure.  Be patient in queues and when dealing with any formalities. The local perception of time may differ from the Western one.

10. Purchase a quality travel medical policy

Standard travel medical insurance often does not cover trips to Somalia. Make sure the policy includes not only treatment but also such a critical option as medical evacuation by air in case of serious illness or injury. We provide assistance in arranging medical and travel insurance in Somalia “Insurance”

This journey is not for resort relaxation. It is an expedition. You will come here to see not passport stamps, but the living, pulsating spirit of Somalia — a proud people who, despite everything, maintain their dignity and culture. You will see places where almost no foot of a foreign tourist has stepped, and you will be able to form your own opinion about this complex and beautiful country.

And remember, the key to this journey — careful preparation, which starts with the proper processing of a visa through verified partners, for example, www.buch-dein-visum.de.